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A reversibility-gain model for integer Karhunen-Loève transform design in video coding

Xing-guo ZHU,Lu YU

Frontiers of Information Technology & Electronic Engineering 2015, Volume 16, Issue 10,   Pages 883-891 doi: 10.1631/FITEE.1500071

Abstract: Karhunen-Loève transform (KLT) is the optimal transform that minimizes distortion at a given bit allocation

Keywords： Integer transform     Karhunen-Loè     ve transform (KLT)     Integer-KLT     Transform coding     Video coding    

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Probabilistic stability of uncertain composite plates and stochastic irregularity in their buckling mode shapes: A semi-analytical non-intrusive approach

Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering   Pages 179-190 doi: 10.1007/s11709-022-0888-z

Abstract: The random fields were decomposed by the Karhunen−Loève method.

Keywords： uncertain composite plate     stochastic assume mode method     Karhunen−Loève theorem     polynomial chaos approach    

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Both-Branch Fuzzy Decision and Problems on Decision Discernment

Shi Kaiquan,Li Qiqiang

Strategic Study of CAE 2001, Volume 3, Issue 1,   Pages 71-77

Abstract: In addition, the paper proposes decision judgement theorem, decision discernment theorem, decision surplusage-discardingtheorem and hole-digging principle on decision factors universe X.

Keywords： both-branch fuzzy decision     decision model     judgement theorem     discernment theorem     surplusage-discardingtheorem     hole-digging principle    

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Advancements in non-starch polysaccharides research for frozen foods and microencapsulation of probiotics

Martin LO,

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2009, Volume 3, Issue 4,   Pages 413-426 doi: 10.1007/s11705-009-0254-x

Abstract: Conventionally used in the food industry as stabilizing, thickening, gelling, and suspending or dispersing agents, non-starch polysaccharides such as xanthan gum are known to improve the texture of certain frozen products. Another polysaccharide that has received significant attention in recent years is chitosan, a natural biopolymer derived from chitin. In the wake of growing interest in finding ideal encapsulating agents for probiotics, non-starch polysaccharides have been investigated. Scattered research can be found on the effect of each individual polysaccharide, but there remains a void in the literature in terms of closely comparing the characteristics of non-starch polysaccharides for these applications, especially when more than one biopolymer is employed. A good understanding of the tools capable of elucidating the underlying mechanisms involved is essential in ushering further development of their applications. Therefore, it is this review’s intention to focus on the selection criteria of non-starch polysaccharides based on their rheological properties, resistance to harsh conditions, and ability to improve sensory quality. A variety of critical tools is also carefully examined with respect to the attainable information crucial to frozen food and microencapsulation applications.

Keywords： development     literature     attainable information     biopolymer     capable    

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Decomposition of perfluorooctanoic acid by microwave-activated persulfate: Effects of temperature, pH, and chloride ions

Yuchi LEE, Shanglien LO, Jeff KUO, Chinghong HSIEH

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2012, Volume 6, Issue 1,   Pages 17-25 doi: 10.1007/s11783-011-0371-x

Abstract: Microwave-hydrothermal treatment of persistent and bioaccumulative perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) in water with persulfate ( ) has been found effective. However, applications of this process to effectively remediate PFOA pollution require a better understanding on free-radical scavenging reactions that also take place. The objectives of this study were to investigate the effects of pH (pH= 2.5, 6.6, 8.8, and 10.5), chloride concentrations (0.01–0.15 mol·L ), and temperature (60°C, 90°C, and 130°C) on persulfate oxidation of PFOA under microwave irradiation. Maximum PFOA degradation occurred at pH 2.5, while little or no degradation at pH 10.5. Lowering system pH resulted in an increase in PFOA degradation rate. Both high pH and chloride concentrations would result in more scavenging of sulfate free radicals and slow down PFOA degradation. When chloride concentrations were less than 0.04 mol·L at 90°C and 0.06 mol·L at 60°C, presence of chloride ions had insignificant impacts on PFOA degradation. However, beyond these concentration levels, PFOA degradation rates reduced significantly with an increase in chloride concentrations, especially under the higher temperature.

Keywords： microwave     perfluorooctanoic acid     pH     persulfate     chloride ions     perfluorocarboxylic acids    

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Treatment, residual chlorine and season as factors affecting variability of trihalomethanes in small drinking water systems

Roberta DYCK,Geneviève COOL,Manuel RODRIGUEZ,Rehan SADIQ

Frontiers of Environmental Science & Engineering 2015, Volume 9, Issue 1,   Pages 171-179 doi: 10.1007/s11783-014-0750-1

Abstract: Seasonal variability in source water can lead to challenges for drinking water providers related to operational optimization and process control in treatment facilities. The objective of this study is to investigate seasonal variability of water quality in municipal small water systems (<3000 residents) supplied by surface waters. Residual chlorine and trihalomethanes (THM) were measured over seven years (2003–2009). Comparisons are made within each system over time, as well as between systems according to the type of their treatment technologies. THM concentrations are generally higher in the summer and autumn. The seasonal variability was generally more pronounced in systems using chlorination plus additional treatment. Chloroform, total THM (TTHM) and residual chlorine concentrations were generally lower in systems using chlorination plus additional treatment. Conversely, brominated THM concentrations were higher in systems using additional treatment. Residual chlorine was highest in the winter and lowest in the spring and summer. Seasonal variations were most pronounced for residual chlorine in systems with additional treatment. There was generally poor correlation between THM concentrations and concentrations of residual chlorine. Further study with these data will be beneficial in finding determinants and indicators for both quantity and variability of disinfection byproducts and other water quality parameters.

Keywords： drinking water     residual chlorine     seasonal variability     small municipal systems     treatment technologies     trihalomethanes    

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Classical state feedback controller for nonlinear systems using mean value theorem: closed loop-FOC of

Abrar ALLAG,Abdelhamid BENAKCHA,Meriem ALLAG,Ismail ZEIN,Mohamed Yacine AYAD

Frontiers in Energy 2015, Volume 9, Issue 4,   Pages 413-425 doi: 10.1007/s11708-015-0379-1

Abstract: systematic and useful synthesis method is proposed based on the use of the differential mean value theoremThe proposed design approach is based on the mean value theorem (MVT) to express the nonlinear error

Keywords： sector nonlinearity     nonlinear controller     linear matrix inequality (LMI) approach     differential mean value theorem    

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Robust public-private partnerships for joint railway and property development

LO, Yue HUAI

Frontiers of Engineering Management 2017, Volume 4, Issue 4,   Pages 437-450 doi: 10.15302/J-FEM-2017068

Abstract: Ng and Lo (2015a) developed an evaluation framework for joint railway and property development, whichThis study, which is based on the framework in Ng and Lo (2015a), aims to examine the robustness of various

Keywords： public-private partnership     BFOOD     housing and railway development    

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The Theorem of the Resistance of Hydraulic Machine's Materials to Cavitation Erosion and Abrasion

Wang Biao,Wang Yudong,Zhang Zihua,Ye Xianguo

Strategic Study of CAE 2003, Volume 5, Issue 7,   Pages 58-61

Abstract:

In order to confirm the dependence of the resistance of cavitation erosion and abrasion (CEA) on the common properties of materials, four typical materials (WC coating, NiCr alloy coating, boron stainless steel and titanium) were used to do the experiments of CEA and cavitation erosion (CE), to do corrosive experiment, and to test their hardnesses. The experiments results indicated that all resistance to CEA and resistance to CE depend on the hardness and the corrosive resistance of materials. The high hardness is the first factor of good resistance to CEA, strong corrosive resistance is the second factor. Meanwhile, the strong corrosive resistance is the first factor of good resistance to CE, high hardness is the second factor.

Keywords： hydraulic machine´     s materials     cavitation erosion and abrasion     theorem    

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Quantifying and mapping spatial variability of Shanghai household carbon footprints

Shangguang YANG,Chunlan WANG,Kevin LO,Mark WANG,Lin LIU

Frontiers in Energy 2015, Volume 9, Issue 1,   Pages 115-124 doi: 10.1007/s11708-015-0348-8

Abstract: Understanding the spatial variability of household carbon emissions is necessary for formulating sustainable and low-carbon energy policy. However, data on household carbon emissions is limited in China, the world’s largest greenhouse gases emitter. This study quantifies and maps household carbon emissions in Shanghai using a city-wide household survey. The findings reveal substantial spatial variability in household carbon emissions, especially in transport-related emissions. Low emission clusters are founded in Hongkou, Xuhui, Luwan, Jinshan, and Fengxian. High emission clusters are located in Jiading and Pudong. Overall, the spatial pattern of household carbon emissions in Shanghai is donut-shaped: lowest in the urban core, increasing in the surrounding suburban areas, and declining again in the urban fringe and rural regions. The household emissions are correlated with a number of housing and socioeconomic factors, including car ownership, type of dwelling, size of dwelling, age of dwelling, and income. The findings underscore the importance of a localized approach to low-carbon policy-making and implementation.

Keywords： household carbon emissions     spatial variability     energy policy     Shanghai     China    

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Application of consistent geometric decomposition theorem to dynamic finite element of 3D composite beam

Iman FATTAHI, Hamid Reza MIRDAMADI, Hamid ABDOLLAHI

Frontiers of Structural and Civil Engineering 2020, Volume 14, Issue 3,   Pages 675-689 doi: 10.1007/s11709-020-0625-4

Abstract: decomposed into cross-sectional and longitudinal components, called consistent geometric decomposition theoremFurthermore, from the viewpoint of consistent geometric decomposition theorem, the transformation and

Keywords： composite beam     dynamic finite element     degrees of freedom coupling     experimental validation     numerical validation    

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Molecular dynamics simulations of initial Pd and PdO nanocluster growth in a magnetron gas aggregation source

Pascal Brault, William Chamorro-Coral, Sotheara Chuon, Amaël Caillard, Jean-Marc Bauchire, Stève Baranton

Frontiers of Chemical Science and Engineering 2019, Volume 13, Issue 2,   Pages 324-329 doi: 10.1007/s11705-019-1792-5

Abstract: Molecular dynamics simulations are carried out for describing growth of Pd and PdO nanoclusters using the ReaxFF force field. The resulting nanocluster structures are successfully compared to those of nanoclusters experimentally grown in a gas aggregation source. The PdO structure is quasi-crystalline as revealed by high resolution transmission microscope analysis for experimental PdO nanoclusters. The role of the nanocluster temperature in the molecular dynamics simulated growth is highlighted.

Keywords： molecular dynamics     cluster growth     plasma sputtering     nanocatalyst    

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Ambient air pollution and lung disease in China: health effects, study design approaches and future research

Mandel,Christine Wendt,Charles Lo,Guangbiao Zhou,Marshall Hertz,Gurumurthy Ramachandran

Frontiers of Medicine 2015, Volume 9, Issue 3,   Pages 392-400 doi: 10.1007/s11684-015-0397-8

Abstract:

Ambient air pollution in China has worsened following dramatic increases in industrialization, automobile use and energy consumption. Particularly bothersome is the increase in the PM2.5 fraction of pollutants. This fraction has been associated with increasing rates of cardio-respiratory disease in China and elsewhere. Ambient pollutant levels have been described in many of China’s cities and are comparable to previous levels in southern California. Lung cancer mortality in China has increased since the 1970s and has been higher in men and in urban areas, the exact explanation for which has not been determined. The estimation of individual risk for Chinese citizens living in areas of air pollution will require further research. Occupational cohort and case-control designs each have unique attributes that could make them helpful to use in this setting. Other important future research considerations include detailed exposure assessment and the possible use of biomarkers as a means to better understand and manage the threat posed by air pollution in China.

Keywords： air pollution     PM2.5     lung disease     study design     epidemiology    

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The Generating Lock P<G，X，X'>and Its Central Encrypting System

Shi Kaiquan,Chen Zexiong

Strategic Study of CAE 2000, Volume 2, Issue 2,   Pages 41-46

Abstract:

The conception of the generating lock  P <G ,X, X´> and the central encrypting system composed of P<G ,X, X´>with data generating technology are proposed in this paper[3〜6]. These systems include the generating lock P<G ,X, X´> and single-tooth central encrypting system, and the generating lock P <G ,X, X´> and multi-tooth central encrypting system. The single-tooth encrypting-decrypting algorithm multi-tooth encrypting-decrypting algorithm, multi-tooth static encrypting-decrypting algorithm, multi-tooth dynamic encrypting-decrypting algorithm as well as the structure character of central encrypting system are provided. The paper points out that arbitrary two persons A and B can choose irregular distributed positive integer sets, XA={x1, x2, …，xn}, XB ={x1,x2,…xm}, m≥4, n≥4, XA≠XB , respectively and complete their secret communication with P < G, X, X´>. The experiment result shows that the method proposed has good application character and security character.

Keywords： lock     the central encrypting system     multi-tooth encrypting-decrypting algorithm     P    X     X'     > existence theorem     digital signature uniqueness theorem    

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A survey of instantaneous poles for a class of two-degree-of-freedom spherical mechanisms

Soheil ZARKANDI

Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering 2014, Volume 9, Issue 4,   Pages 344-353 doi: 10.1007/s11465-014-0320-z

Abstract: however, some of these great circles cannot be obtained by a direct application of Aronhold-Kennedy theorem

Keywords： spherical mechanisms     instantaneous poles     Aronhold-Kennedy theorem     great circles     pencil of meridian    

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Title Author Date Type Operation

A reversibility-gain model for integer Karhunen-Loève transform design in video coding

Xing-guo ZHU,Lu YU

Journal Article

Probabilistic stability of uncertain composite plates and stochastic irregularity in their buckling mode shapes: A semi-analytical non-intrusive approach

Journal Article

Both-Branch Fuzzy Decision and Problems on Decision Discernment

Shi Kaiquan,Li Qiqiang

Journal Article

Advancements in non-starch polysaccharides research for frozen foods and microencapsulation of probiotics

Martin LO,

Journal Article

Decomposition of perfluorooctanoic acid by microwave-activated persulfate: Effects of temperature, pH, and chloride ions

Yuchi LEE, Shanglien LO, Jeff KUO, Chinghong HSIEH

Journal Article

Treatment, residual chlorine and season as factors affecting variability of trihalomethanes in small drinking water systems

Roberta DYCK,Geneviève COOL,Manuel RODRIGUEZ,Rehan SADIQ

Journal Article

Classical state feedback controller for nonlinear systems using mean value theorem: closed loop-FOC of

Abrar ALLAG,Abdelhamid BENAKCHA,Meriem ALLAG,Ismail ZEIN,Mohamed Yacine AYAD

Journal Article

Robust public-private partnerships for joint railway and property development

LO, Yue HUAI

Journal Article

The Theorem of the Resistance of Hydraulic Machine's Materials to Cavitation Erosion and Abrasion

Wang Biao,Wang Yudong,Zhang Zihua,Ye Xianguo

Journal Article

Quantifying and mapping spatial variability of Shanghai household carbon footprints

Shangguang YANG,Chunlan WANG,Kevin LO,Mark WANG,Lin LIU

Journal Article

Application of consistent geometric decomposition theorem to dynamic finite element of 3D composite beam

Iman FATTAHI, Hamid Reza MIRDAMADI, Hamid ABDOLLAHI

Journal Article

Molecular dynamics simulations of initial Pd and PdO nanocluster growth in a magnetron gas aggregation source

Pascal Brault, William Chamorro-Coral, Sotheara Chuon, Amaël Caillard, Jean-Marc Bauchire, Stève Baranton

Journal Article

Ambient air pollution and lung disease in China: health effects, study design approaches and future research

Mandel,Christine Wendt,Charles Lo,Guangbiao Zhou,Marshall Hertz,Gurumurthy Ramachandran

Journal Article

The Generating Lock P<G，X，X'>and Its Central Encrypting System

Shi Kaiquan,Chen Zexiong

Journal Article

A survey of instantaneous poles for a class of two-degree-of-freedom spherical mechanisms

Soheil ZARKANDI

Journal Article